Prostate Cancer
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Jul 06 – Jul 13, 2026
Advances in systemic therapies for advanced prostate cancer.
BMJ-BRIT MED J · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #5/332TOP-TIER
This review summarizes the latest progress in managing advanced prostate cancer, including high-risk biochemical recurrence, metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), by synthesizing landmark clinical trials and meta-analyses. Key findings indicate improved patient outcomes with earlier use of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors in high-risk biochemical recurrence and mHSPC. Advanced imaging and genomic biomarkers enhance patient selection for personalized therapy, while chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and Lu-PSMA-617 have refined treatment roles. The review directly addresses advancements in systemic therapies for a specific cancer type, prostate cancer, highlighting personalized therapy, biomarker-guided treatment, and adverse event management for clinical practice.
10.1136/bmj-2025-085211
Jun 29 – Jul 06, 2026
SBRT plus abiraterone acetate and ADT versus abiraterone acetate and ADT in oligometastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (ARTO): long-term, unplanned overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.
LANCET ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #8/326TOP-TIER
The ARTO trial, a multicentre, randomised phase 2 study, investigated the long-term impact of adding stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to abiraterone acetate and ADT in 157 patients with oligometastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. After a median follow-up of 53 months, the experimental group (SBRT + systemic therapy) showed significantly improved overall survival compared to systemic therapy alone (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.33-0.92, p=0.021), with median OS of 50 months in the control group versus not reached in the experimental group. This indicates a substantial survival benefit by incorporating metastasis-directed therapy. The findings suggest that adding SBRT to standard systemic therapy is a clinically relevant strategy for improving outcomes in this specific prostate cancer population.
10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00178-6
Jun 15 – Jun 22, 2026
Single-Fraction Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #14/326TOP-TIER
This multicenter, single-arm, phase 1/2 trial evaluated single-fraction 19-Gy urethra-sparing SBRT for men with low- or intermediate-risk localized prostate cancer, aiming to determine its validity regarding biochemical disease control and safety. Key findings showed a 3-year biochemical relapse-free survival of 92.9% (95% CI, 85.4%-100%) among 43 treated patients, meeting the primary endpoint, with grade 2 GU and GI adverse events at 9.8% and 4.9% respectively at 3 years. This research directly addresses a novel, potentially more convenient treatment for cancer, offering a promising option for localized prostate cancer. The study implies that single-fraction SBRT is a valid and safe treatment, warranting further long-term assessment for disease control and clinical adoption.
10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1886
Jun 08 – Jun 15, 2026
Prostate Imaging Standards for Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PRISM): International Consensus Recommendations.
JAMA ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #14/326TOP-TIER
This international consensus study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 6 studies (1,919 participants) evaluating MRI for prostate cancer screening, followed by a RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method to develop PRISM recommendations. Key findings include a pooled biopsy recommendation rate of 19.2% (95% CI, 11.7-26.7), GG2+ cancer detection of 6.0% (95% CI, 3.1-9.0), and a positive predictive value for GG2+ cancer of 36.3% (95% CI, 21.1-51.4). The recommendations directly address cancer screening by standardizing MRI protocols for men aged 50-70 (or 45+ for Black men), emphasizing non-contrast abbreviated MRI, stage-gated reporting, and quality assurance. For clinicians focused on cancer research, this provides evidence-based guidance for implementing MRI in prostate cancer screening trials and programs.
10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1711
Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Prediction of Abiraterone Efficacy in Two STAMPEDE Phase 3 Trials of Non-Metastatic Very High-Risk Prostate Cancer.
ANN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #4/326TOP-TIER
This post-hoc analysis of two Phase 3 STAMPEDE trials evaluated a multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) model to predict abiraterone efficacy in 1,137 patients with non-metastatic, very high-risk prostate cancer. In the MMAI very high-risk group, adding abiraterone significantly improved 5-year metastasis-free survival from 62% to 81% (HR 0.47), whereas the standard high-risk group showed minimal benefit (82% vs 84%). These findings demonstrate that the MMAI biomarker effectively identifies patients most likely to benefit from treatment intensification while sparing others from unnecessary toxicity and costs. Clinicians can utilize this digital pathology-based tool to refine patient selection for abiraterone in localized, high-risk disease settings.
10.1016/j.annonc.2026.05.708
Jun 01 – Jun 08, 2026
Aglatimagene besadenovec (CAN-2409) with radiotherapy for patients with localised prostate cancer: a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
LANCET ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #8/326TOP-TIER
This phase 3 randomized trial evaluated the efficacy of adding aglatimagene besadenovec (CAN-2409) plus valacyclovir to standard external beam radiation therapy in 745 patients with intermediate or high-risk localized prostate cancer. After a median follow-up of 50.3 months, the treatment group demonstrated significantly improved disease-free survival compared to placebo (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.94; p=0.016), with the median DFS not yet reached in the intervention arm. The intervention showed a manageable safety profile, with grade 3 or worse adverse events occurring in 8% of the aglatimagene group versus 7% in the placebo group. These results suggest that aglatimagene provides a meaningful clinical benefit for localized prostate cancer patients by enhancing the effects of radiotherapy without increasing significant toxicity.
10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00071-9
Perioperative Apalutamide in High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer.
NEW ENGL J MED · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #2/332TOP-TIER
This phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy of perioperative androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) plus apalutamide versus ADT plus placebo in 2,109 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for high-risk localized prostate cancer. Apalutamide significantly improved pathological complete response or minimal residual disease rates (8.9% vs. 1.0%; OR 10.17) and 5-year metastasis-free survival (78.2% vs. 73.5%; HR 0.80). The treatment also showed superior event-free survival and delayed subsequent therapy, though it was associated with higher rates of grade 3/4 adverse events, particularly rash (39.6% vs. 31.0%). These results suggest that adding apalutamide to perioperative ADT provides a significant oncologic benefit for patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer, potentially redefining the standard of care.
10.1056/NEJMoa2603878
PARP and Androgen-Signaling Inhibition plus ADT in Metastatic Prostate Cancer.
NEW ENGL J MED · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #2/332TOP-TIER
This Phase 3 trial (TALAPRO-3) evaluated the efficacy of adding the PARP inhibitor talazoparib to enzalutamide in 599 patients with metastatic androgen pathway modulation-sensitive prostate cancer harboring homologous recombination repair gene alterations. At three years, imaging-based progression-free survival was significantly higher in the talazoparib group at 77% compared to 56% in the control group (HR 0.48; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.65; P<0.001). While overall survival showed a positive trend (78% vs. 72%), clinicians must manage increased toxicity, as 51% of patients receiving talazoparib experienced grade 3 or higher anemia. These results support the use of combination PARP and androgen-signaling inhibition as a potent first-line strategy for this specific molecular subset of metastatic prostate cancer.
10.1056/NEJMoa2604126
International disruptions to cancer diagnosis and stage at presentation during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.
LANCET ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #8/326TOP-TIER
This population-based study analyzed 2.6 million patients across seven countries to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the incidence and staging of seven major cancer types in 2020. Researchers found that 16% (55,713) of expected cancer cases were missing between April and December 2020, with the highest deficits occurring in prostate (24%), breast (18%), and melanoma (18%) diagnoses. The data reveals significant regional variations, such as a 54% deficit in UK prostate cancer cases, highlighting critical gaps in screening and diagnostic access during lockdowns. These findings underscore a pressing clinical need to address diagnostic backlogs and monitor for potential stage shifts in patients whose diagnoses were delayed by pandemic-related healthcare barriers.
10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00089-6
May 18 – May 25, 2026
Prostate Cancer Mortality After Relabeling Low-Grade Prostate Cancer as Precancerous.
JAMA ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #14/326TOP-TIER
This decision analytical model evaluated the impact of relabeling Grade Group 1 (GG1) prostate cancer as a precancerous condition on US mortality rates. The study found that relabeling would avoid six times more annual prostate cancer deaths than it would cause (2,835 vs. 452) by increasing screening uptake. Even with conservative estimates, such as a 50% increase in progression rates or only a 3% increase in screening, a net reduction in mortality was maintained. These findings suggest that removing the cancer label from low-grade lesions could significantly reduce population-level mortality by mitigating the deterrents of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.
10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1391
May 04 – May 11, 2026
Multicenter, Randomized, Phase II Trial of Olaparib Plus Radium-223 Versus Radium-223 in Men With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Bone Metastases (COMRADE).
J CLIN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #6/326TOP-TIER
This multicenter, randomized phase II trial (COMRADE) evaluated the efficacy and safety of combining olaparib with radium-223 versus radium-223 alone in 120 men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases. The combination significantly improved median radiographic progression-free survival to 8.9 months compared to 4.7 months for monotherapy (HR 0.50), with even greater benefits observed in docetaxel-naive patients (13.7 vs 5.7 months). While the combination reduced the 1-year incidence of symptomatic skeletal-related events (12.7% vs 22.9%), it also increased grade ≥3 hematologic toxicities, such as lymphopenia and anemia, to 56% from 33%. These results demonstrate that adding a PARP inhibitor to radiopharmaceutical therapy provides a significant progression-free survival advantage, supporting further investigation of DNA damage-targeted strategies despite the increased toxicity profile.
10.1200/JCO-25-02835
Apr 27 – May 04, 2026
On-treatment serum prostate-specific antigen and overall survival in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE platform protocol): a post-hoc analysis of data from five phase 3 trials.
LANCET ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #8/326TOP-TIER
This post-hoc analysis of 7129 prostate cancer patients from five STAMPEDE phase 3 trials investigated the association between on-treatment serum PSA and overall survival. It found that PSA concentrations of 0.2 ng/mL or less at 6, 12, or 24 weeks were associated with equivalent favorable survival rates, with PSA at 24 weeks showing the strongest association. Survival rates for PSA subcategories differed significantly by metastatic volume or nodal status; for instance, 96-month overall survival for metastatic low-volume disease with PSA ≤0.2 ng/mL at 24 weeks was 64.1% versus 44.6% for high-volume. These findings suggest that on-treatment PSA, combined with radiological features, can inform prognosis and potentially guide treatment selection in prostate cancer.
10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00066-5
Local Salvage Therapy Alone for Local Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
JAMA ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #14/326TOP-TIER
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated outcomes of local salvage therapies alone for radiorecurrent prostate cancer, involving 31 studies and 4525 patients. Key findings showed pooled 2-year and 5-year ADT-free survival rates of 76.8% and 55.2%, respectively, and 2-year and 5-year metastasis-free survival rates of 90.4% and 75.2%. Severe adverse event rates ranged from 2% to 14% across different methods. These results suggest local therapies alone offer reasonable efficacy in selected patients with recurrent prostate cancer, providing an option to avoid systemic therapy while maintaining ADT-free survival and manageable toxicities.
10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.1023