Prostate Cancer
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Oct 12 – Oct 19, 2026
Talazoparib plus enzalutamide in high-volume metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial.
NAT MED · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #1/195TOP-TIER
This randomized phase 2 trial investigated talazoparib plus enzalutamide versus enzalutamide alone in 54 men with high-volume metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer. The combination arm achieved a 73% PSA <0.2 ng/ml response rate at 12 months (95% CI=56-86%), meeting the primary endpoint, compared to 64.7% in the control arm. However, the combination did not establish clear additional clinical benefit over enzalutamide alone in this biomarker-unselected population and was associated with increased toxicity, including 68% Grade ≥3 adverse events versus 35% with enzalutamide alone, and two fatal myeloid neoplasms. These findings suggest that while active, the combination’s increased toxicity without clear additional benefit in unselected patients limits its immediate broad clinical applicability for metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer.
10.1038/s41591-026-04671-5
Dose-Escalated Focal Salvage High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy and Genomic Classifier Risk Stratification in Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer: The F-SHARP Phase I/II Clinical Trial.
J CLIN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #6/326TOP-TIER
This multi-institutional phase I/II trial (F-SHARP) evaluated the safety and efficacy of dose-escalated focal salvage high-dose-rate brachytherapy (DE-fsHDR) and genomic classifier (GC) risk stratification in 62 patients with radiorecurrent prostate cancer. Results demonstrated high safety with no acute grade 3 toxicities and only 3.2% late grade 3 toxicity, while 3-year biochemical progression-free survival reached 62.7% and metastasis-free survival was 85.9%. The study highlights that GC scores significantly correlate with outcomes, as all patients with scores above 0.85 experienced biochemical, local, and metastatic recurrence. DE-fsHDR offers a safe salvage option for intraprostatic recurrence, and genomic profiling provides a promising prognostic tool to guide treatment intensification in this oncological setting.
10.1200/JCO-25-02730
A health-system-scale, episode-resolved multimodal atlas of cancer cachexia.
NAT MED · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #1/195TOP-TIER
This study analyzed longitudinal clinicogenomic data from 52,236 cancer patients to map trajectories of cancer cachexia and its association with clinical outcomes and tumor genotypes. Cachectic episodes were linked to inferior outcomes across nearly all cancer types and exhibited a consistent serologic signature of low albumin and hemoglobin alongside elevated liver enzymes. Somatic mutations, notably TP53, were associated with increased cachexia frequency, leading to the development of a predictive model for lung, colorectal, and prostate cancers. Validated in an external cohort of 5,785 patients, the findings demonstrate that routine clinicogenomic data can effectively predict impending cachectic weight loss to improve supportive care in oncology.
10.1038/s41591-026-04689-9
Oct 05 – Oct 12, 2026
Phase I/II Study of Bavdegalutamide, a Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera Androgen Receptor Degrader, in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
J CLIN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #6/326TOP-TIER
This phase I/II study evaluated the safety and efficacy of bavdegalutamide, a novel AR degrader, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) previously treated with an AR pathway inhibitor. The study determined 420 mg once daily as the recommended phase II dose. Promising antitumor activity was observed, particularly in patients with AR T878/H875 mutations, where PSA50/PSA30 rates were 60.0%/70.0% and median radiographic progression-free survival was 11.1 months. With a manageable safety profile (17.4% grade 3 TRAEs), bavdegalutamide offers a potential new therapeutic option for mCRPC, especially for those with specific AR mutations, addressing a critical need in cancer treatment.
10.1200/JCO-25-02995
Sep 28 – Oct 05, 2026
Urine cell-free RNA for bladder cancer detection and treatment response prediction.
NAT MED · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #1/195TOP-TIER
This study evaluated uRARE-seq, a novel liquid biopsy method for profiling urine cell-free RNA (cfRNA), across 683 samples to detect and characterize bladder cancer. The method demonstrated 95% sensitivity and 90% specificity for localized bladder cancer detection, outperforming traditional urine tumor DNA analysis. Analysis successfully identified minimal residual disease and predicted BCG treatment response versus chemotherapy with an area under the curve of 0.93 based on immune and proliferation signatures. These findings suggest urine cfRNA is a highly effective non-invasive tool for cancer diagnosis and personalized treatment selection, pending prospective clinical validation.
10.1038/s41591-026-04673-3
Aug 31 – Sep 07, 2026
An integrated lifestyle intervention for mitigation of adverse effects associated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer (STAMINA): a multicentre, randomised trial.
LANCET ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #8/326TOP-TIER
This multicentre, randomised trial (STAMINA) investigated whether an integrated lifestyle intervention could improve cancer-specific quality of life and fatigue in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The STAMINA intervention, comprising supervised exercise, dietary advice, and behavioural support, was superior to usual care, significantly improving FACT-P scores (adjusted mean difference 4.5, p=0.0004) and FACIT-F scores (1.9, p=0.0068) at 12 months. This study directly addresses a critical aspect of cancer care by providing an evidence-based strategy to mitigate debilitating adverse effects of ADT, thereby enhancing the quality of life for prostate cancer patients. Clinicians can confidently identify and prescribe this supervised exercise and dietary intervention to improve outcomes for men on ADT, aligning with best practice guidelines and improving comprehensive cancer management.
10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00304-9
Aug 24 – Aug 31, 2026
Salvage Hypofractionated Accelerated Versus Standard Radiotherapy for Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy: A Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial.
J CLIN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #6/326TOP-TIER
This Phase III randomized trial compared hypofractionated radiotherapy (65 Gy in 26 fractions) to conventional radiotherapy (66 Gy in 33 fractions) in 316 patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. After 52.6 months, 4-year biochemical progression-free survival rates were similar at 80.1% for hypofractionated and 78.1% for conventional arms, with no differences in distant metastasis-free or cancer-specific survival. While oncologic outcomes were comparable, hypofractionated treatment showed higher grade ≥2 gastrointestinal toxicity (7.9% vs. 0.7%), primarily in patients not using endorectal balloons. Hypofractionated radiotherapy serves as a viable, more efficient salvage alternative, though clinicians should consider endorectal balloons to mitigate increased gastrointestinal risks.
10.1200/JCO-25-02234
High-dose radiotherapy in patients with high-risk prostate cancers treated with long-term androgen deprivation therapy (GETUG AFU 18): a randomised, phase 3 trial.
LANCET ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #8/326TOP-TIER
This phase 3 randomized trial investigated the effect of dose-escalated radiotherapy (80 Gy) versus standard-dose (70 Gy) combined with long-term androgen deprivation therapy in 505 men with high-risk prostate cancer. At a median follow-up of 9.5 years, 10-year progression-free survival was significantly improved in the 80 Gy group (83.6% vs 72.2%; HR 0.56, p<0.0001). Grade 3 or worse acute and late adverse events were comparable between groups (24% vs 25% acute; 8% vs 7% late). This suggests 80 Gy radiotherapy is a potential option for high-risk prostate cancer, improving progression-free survival without increased severe toxicity, directly informing clinical practice.
10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00277-9
Aug 17 – Aug 24, 2026
Eight-year outcomes of testosterone suppression plus enzalutamide or a non-steroidal anti-androgen for metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (ENZAMET; ANZUP 1304).
ANN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #4/326TOP-TIER
This randomized ENZAMET trial reports 8-year outcomes of enzalutamide versus a non-steroidal anti-androgen (NSAA) plus testosterone suppression for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Enzalutamide significantly improved overall survival (OS) (median 7.9 vs 5.8 years; 8-year OS 50% vs 40%; HR 0.73) and clinical progression-free survival (PFS) (8-year 43% vs 20%; HR 0.49). Fewer prostate cancer deaths occurred with enzalutamide (207 vs 261), with similar non-prostate cancer mortality and comparable grade 3-5 cardiac/nervous system AEs. These long-term results confirm enzalutamide’s sustained efficacy and safety, supporting its use as a superior treatment option for mHSPC.
10.1016/j.annonc.2026.07.412
Aug 10 – Aug 17, 2026
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy vs Moderately Hypofractionated IMRT for Localized Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #4/332TOP-TIER
This phase-3 randomized trial compared stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to moderately hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (MH-IMRT) in 698 patients with localized intermediate-risk prostate cancer. At two years, SBRT demonstrated significantly fewer bowel quality-of-life declines (34.9% vs 43.8%, P=.03) and fewer grade 3+ genitourinary adverse events (0.6% vs 2.5%) compared to MH-IMRT. However, SBRT was not superior in disease-free survival at three years, with rates of 88.6% versus 92.1% for MH-IMRT (P < .001 for non-superiority). Clinicians may consider SBRT for its superior toxicity profile and patient-reported outcomes, though it does not offer oncological superiority over moderate hypofractionation in this population.
10.1001/jama.2026.12627
Metabolic Dysfunction After Initiation of Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer.
JAMA ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #14/326TOP-TIER
This retrospective cohort study evaluated 16,924 men with prostate cancer initiating concurrent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs). Within the first year, the cumulative incidence of metabolic syndrome reached nearly 40%, with hypertension being the most common component. The highest incidence was observed in men aged 70-79 years (51.7 events per 1000 person-months), and exploratory analyses showed variation by ARPI type. The findings emphasize the need for early metabolic monitoring and multidisciplinary care beyond cancer-specific outcomes.
10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2790
Aug 03 – Aug 10, 2026
Systemic Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: ASCO Living Guideline, Version 2026.1.4.
J CLIN ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #6/326TOP-TIER
This ASCO Living Guideline provides updated, evidence-based recommendations for systemic therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). It synthesizes the latest clinical trial data and research to offer comprehensive guidance on treatment selection and sequencing. This directly addresses the clinician’s interest in cancer by focusing on practical management strategies for a specific advanced malignancy. The guideline’s implications include empowering clinicians with current, actionable information to optimize patient care and improve outcomes in mCRPC.
10.1200/JCO-26-01898
Mathematical Biomarkers of Adaptive Therapy Outcomes in Prostate Cancer.
JAMA ONCOL · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #14/326TOP-TIER
This retrospective modeling and validation study aimed to develop mathematical biomarkers from first-cycle PSA dynamics to predict time to progression (TTP), mean daily dose, and overall survival (OS) in prostate cancer patients undergoing adaptive therapy. Utilizing data from 53 patients with CSPC and mCRPC, the adaptive therapy score derived from initial PSA kinetics was highly prognostic for prolonged clinical TTP (CSPC: HR 0.49, P=.002; mCRPC: Spearman ρ=0.76, P=.002). In mCRPC, this score and expected TTP were significantly associated with prolonged OS, outperforming standard PSA metrics. These accessible, mechanism-based biomarkers offer a promising decision support framework for personalizing adaptive therapy protocols in prostate cancer, potentially optimizing patient stratification and improving outcomes.
10.1001/jamaoncol.2026.2781
Jul 27 – Aug 03, 2026
End-to-end multimodal pathology foundation model with clinical dialogue.
NAT MED · Q1 JOURNAL - RANK #1/195TOP-TIER
This study introduces PRISM2, a multimodal foundation model trained on 2.3 million whole-slide images and 14 million pathology-derived question-answer pairs to align histomorphology with clinical reasoning. The model achieved or exceeded the balanced accuracy of existing clinical-grade products for cancer detection in prostate, breast, and breast lymph node tissues (P < 0.05). PRISM2 embeddings consistently matched or outperformed previous models across diagnostic, biomarker, and survival benchmarks, with task-specific fine-tuning significantly improving survival prediction. These results demonstrate that language-supervised pretraining creates generalizable pathology representations, offering a scalable tool for high-accuracy cancer diagnostics and prognostic modeling in clinical practice.
10.1038/s41591-026-04521-4